Preparing for Test on Chapters 13 and 16

Update as of 8 pm Monday.
Thank you to all of you who have sent me updates about tomorrow's late start schedule :).

Assuming that we have school tomorrow we will still be taking the test, but it will be a shortened version.  If we do not have school tomorrow we will have the test on Wednesday, but it will be a shortened version.  If we don't have school tomorrow or Wednesday then enjoy your Thanksgiving and we will just figure it out when we get back to school.

(today's powerpoint is in a different blog entry)

In addition to the test tomorrow you will be asked to commit to a category in which I will enter your DNA model grade.  Once you have made your selection it can not be changed.  Remember that our test category is 70% of your total grade, labs are 20 % and homework is 10%.  If you choose the test category your model will be worth about 1/2 of a test, or 18 points.  If you choose the lab category it will be worth about 20 points and if you choose the homework category it will be worth 40 points.  Choose wisely!


Now that we have worked with the concepts of DNA Replication you should definitely go back and read 16.2 of your textbook.  Also review the animations that have been posted on the blogs from the last two class days.

There will be a bonus question asking you to put 15 diagrams in order.  4 of them show steps of mitosis and 11 are meiosis. 

Think about the following with regard to meiosis:

1. How does the genetic material of the daughter cells compare to the parent cells?  To each other?  How many cells are formed?
2. What is the goal of Meiosis I?  Meiosis II?
3. Is DNA replicated for meiosis?  If so, in which stage?  What happens to the amount of DNA in the nucleus as the cell goes through the cell cycle followed by meiosis?
4. What is the order of events that occur during meiosis?  (for example: synapsis, crossover, separation of homologous chromosomes, separation of sister chromatids, formation of 4 new nuclei, etc.)
5. What are the similarities between meiosis and mitosis?  What are the differences?
6. What does 2n = 46 mean? How many chromosomes would be in a body cell?  In a gamete? 

Think about the following with regard to DNA structure:

1. What did Griffith discover from his work with pneumonia and mice?
2. How did Rosalind Franklin contribute to discovering the structure of DNA?
3. Describe the experimental setup of Hershey and Chase's experiment with bacteriophages.  What did the results show them?
4. What are the base pairing rules?
5. How many rings do purines have?  Which nucleotides are examples?
6. Describe the experimental setup of Meselson and Stahl's experiment using E. coli.  What did the results show them?
7. Practice labeling a DNA diagram.  Make sure you know purines vs. pyrimidines, how to ID the bases, numbering the carbons in a sugar, labeling 5' and 3' end, parts of a nucleotide.

Think about the following with regard to DNA replication:

1. Why do eukaryotes have multiple origins of replication?
2. What is the function of DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase II, DNA polymerase I, ligase, the primers, helicase, single-strand binding protein and topoisomerase?
3. If DNA has 12% thymine, what percentage will be cytosine?
4. Why do Okazaki fragments form?
5. New nucleotides are attached to which end of the existing nucleotide strand?
6. Why is synthesis of the leading and lagging strands different?